Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It comprises the westernmost part of Eurasia and is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and Asia to the east. Europe is commonly considered to be separated from Asia by the drainage divide of the Ural Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian Sea, the Greater Caucasus, the Black Sea, and the waterways of the Turkish Straits.[1] Although much of this border is over land, Europe is generally accorded the status of a full continent because of its great physical size and the weight of history and tradition.
Europe covers about 10,180,000 km2 (3,930,000 sq mi), or 2% of the Earth's surface (6.8% of land area), making it the second smallest continent. Politically, Europe is divided into about fifty sovereign states, of which Russia is the largest and most populous, spanning 39% of the continent and comprising 15% of its population. Europe had a [total population of about 741 million (about 11% of the world population) as of 2018 . The European climate is largely affected by warm Atlantic currents that temper winters and summers on much of the continent, even at latitudes along which the climate in Asia and North America is severe. Further from the sea, seasonal differences are more noticeable than close to the coast.
European culture is the root of Western civilization, which traces its lineage back to Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. [2] The fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD and the subsequent Migration Period marked the end of Europe's ancient history and the beginning of the Middle Ages. Renaissance humanism, exploration, art and science led to the modern era. Since the Age of Discovery, started by Portugal and Spain , Europe played a predominant role in global affairs. Between the 16th and 20th centuries, European powers colonized at various times the Americas, almost all of Africa and Oceania, and the majority of Asia.
The Age of Enlightenment, the subsequent French Revolution, and the Napoleonic Wars shaped the continent culturally, politically, and economically from the end of the 17th century until the first half of the 19th century. The Industrial Revolution, which began in Great Britain at the end of the 18th century, gave rise to radical economic, cultural and social change in Western Europe and eventually the wider world. Both world wars took place for the most part in Europe, contributing to a decline in Western European dominance in world affairs by the mid-20th century as the Soviet Union and the United States took prominence.[3] During the Cold War , Europe was divided along the Iron Curtain between NATO in the West and the Warsaw Pact in the East, until the revolutions of 1989 and fall of the Berlin Wall.
In 1949 , the Council of Europe was founded with the idea of unifying Europe to achieve common goals and prevent future wars. Further European integration by some states led to the formation of the European Union (EU), a separate political entity that lies between a confederation and a federation.[4] The EU originated in Western Europe but has been expanding eastward since the Dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 . The currency of most countries of the European Union, the euro, is the most commonly used among Europeans; and the EU's Schengen Area abolishes border and immigration controls between most of its member states and some non-members states. There exists a political movement favoring the evolution of the European Union into a single federation encompassing much of the continent.
Films and shows [ ]
References [ ]
↑ (1999) National Geographic Atlas of the World , 7th, Washington, DC: National Geographic. ISBN 978-0-7922-7528-2 .
"Europe" (pp. 68–69); "Asia" (pp. 90–91): "A commonly accepted division between Asia and Europe ... is formed by the Ural Mountains, Ural River, Caspian Sea, Caucasus Mountains, and the Black Sea with its outlets, the Bosporus and Dardanelles."
↑ Kim Covert (2011). Ancient Greece: Birthplace of Democracy . Capstone, page 5. ISBN 978-1-4296-6831-6 . "Ancient Greece is often called the cradle of western civilization. ... Ideas from literature and science also have their roots in Ancient Greece."
↑ National Geographic, 534.
↑ "The European union—a federation or a confederation? ".
External links [ ]
v - e - d
Songs
Movie Songs
The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh: "Winnie the Pooh " • "Up, Down, Touch the Ground " • "Rumbly in My Tumbly " • "Little Black Rain Cloud " • "Mind Over Matter " • "A Rather Blustery Day " • "The Wonderful Thing About Tiggers " • "Heffalumps and Woozles " • "Rain, Rain, Rain Came Down, Down, Down " • "Hip-Hip-Hooray! "
Boo to You Too! Winnie the Pooh: "I Am Not Afraid " • "I Wanna Scare Myself "
Pooh's Grand Adventure: The Search for Christopher Robin: "Forever & Ever " • "Adventure is a Wonderful Thing " • "If It Says So " • "Wherever You Are " • "Everything is Right "
A Winnie the Pooh Thanksgiving: "Hooray, Hooray! " • "Berrily We Roll Along " • "Our Thanksgiving Day " •
Winnie the Pooh: Seasons of Giving: "Seasons of Giving "
The Many Songs of Winnie the Pooh: "It Really Was a Woozle, Yes it Was "
Sing a Song with Pooh Bear: "Kanga Roo Hop " • "Harvest What You Grow " • "My Song "
Winnie the Pooh: A Valentine for You: "Girls are Like Boys " • "When the Love Bug Bites " • "Places in the Heart "
Winnie the Pooh: A Very Merry Pooh Year: "Jingle Bells " • "Snow Snows " • "Happy Pooh Year " • "Hunny, No Not For Me " • "Auld Lang Syne "
The Tigger Movie: "Someone Like Me " • "Whoop-de-Dooper Bounce " • "Lull-a-Bee " • "Round My Family Tree " • "How to Be a Tigger " • "Your Heart Will Lead You Home "
Piglet's Big Movie: "If I Wasn't So Small " • "A Mother's Intuition " • "With a Few Good Friends " • "Sing-Ho (For the Life of a Bear) " • "The More It Snows (Tiddely-Pom) " • "The More I Look Inside " • "Comforting to Know "
Springtime With Roo: "We're Huntin' Eggs Today " • "Sniffley Sniff " • "Easter Day With You " • "The Way It Must Be Done "
Pooh's Heffalump Movie: "Little Mr. Roo " • "The Horribly Hazardous Heffalumps " • "The Name Game " • "Shoulder to Shoulder " • "In the Name of the Hundred Acre Wood/What Do You Do? "
Pooh's Heffalump Halloween Movie: "Trick 'R Treating With Our Friends " • "Brave Together "
Winnie the Pooh: "The Tummy Song " • "A Very Important Thing to Do " • "The Winner Song " • "The Backson Song " • "It's Gonna Be Great " • "Everything is Honey " • "Pooh's Finale " • "So Long "
Christopher Robin: "Goodbye, Farewell " • "Busy Doing Nothing " • "Christopher Robin "
Television Songs
Welcome to Pooh Corner: "Welcome to Pooh Corner Theme Song " • "Try a Little Something New " • "The Right Side " • "Yes, I Can " • "You're the Only You " • "I Hum to Myself " • "Please and Thank You " • "Responsible Persons " • "You're the One and Only One " • "Welcome to Pooh Corner Ending Theme "
The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh: "Pooh Bear " • "'Cause It's Make Believe " • "The Floating Song " • "Nothing's Too Good for a Friend " • "Under the Bed " • "I Don't Have A Name " • "King of the Beasties " • "The End " • "Pirates is What We'll Be " • "Tigger the Private Ear is Here "
The Book of Pooh: "Everyone Knows He's Winnie the Pooh " • "Goodbye for Now " • "Your Best Wishes " • "On the Double " • "Who is Me " • "Think, Think, Think " • "A Day in the Life of a Pooh " • "What Piglets Are " • "I Watch for Signs " • "We're Making a Cake " • "If I Could Be Big " • "Isn't That Funny? " • "Everyone Wants a Valentine " • "That's What We Do " • "Keep it Simple " • "Have You Got a Book For Me? " • "Give It a Try " • "On Your Way Back Home " • "The Birdbird Song " • "Nightmare Wranglers " • "Carry On " • "What's Your Name, River " • "Where Do Words Go? " • "Under a Spelling Bee's Spell " • "Adventure " • "Stripey McSnarl Always Gets His Man " • "Mental Altitude " • "I Want to Know Everything Now " • "Happy Tailiversary " • "Get Growin' " • "Tigger's Lullaby " • "Perfect Party " • "If We Were Talkin' " • "Someone New to Meet " • "My Hero " • "Broken Friendships " • "Do the Roo " • "Call Me Buck-a-Roo " • "At Chez Piglet " • "Nothing Ever Happens " • "Too Much Honey " • "Lost in a Book "
My Friends Tigger and Pooh: "My Friends Tigger & Pooh Theme " • "A Few Simple Rules " • "Bouncin' " • "The Grass is Greenier " • "The Password Song " • "Underneath the Same Sky " • "One Big Happy Family " • "Think, Think, Think " • "The Question Song " • "Floating in a Cloud " • "Different Can Be Good " • "The Little Things You Do " • "There's a Party " • "No More Fun In the Snow " • "Butterflies " • "What Makes a Pony a Pony " • "When We Work Together " • "Christmas Comes Tomorrow " • "Time to Go (On a Trek Through the Snow) " • "Snowman Song "
Playdate with Winnie the Pooh: "Playdate with Winnie the Pooh " • "Try a Tricycle " • "Get Your Bounces Out " • "Something Wonderful " • "Nothing Is Something " • "Hide and Seek " • "Brand New Colors " • "Friendship Helps Us Fly " • "Don't Give Up " • "Side to Side " • "Waiting for Fun " • "You're My Best Friend " • "Brand New Game " • "You Might Like It " • "Think, Think " • "Story Song " • "The Hundred Acre Hop " • "Best Sleepover Ever " • "Good Goodbye " • "Lemonade " • "You're Special "
Miscellaneous: "Luv-a-bye " • "Playtime Song " • "Learning Song " • "Friendship Song " • "Snug as a Bear Can Be " • "The Scrapbook Song " • "Pooh for President "
v - e - d
Vehicles
Phileas Fogg's carriage • Air Balloon • Orient Express • Carmen • Phileas Fogg's flying invention
v - e - d
Episodes
Season One: "Rollercoaster " • "Candace Loses Her Head " • "The Fast and the Phineas " • "Lawn Gnome Beach Party of Terror " • "The Magnificent Few " • "S'Winter " • "Are You My Mummy? " • "Flop Starz " • "Raging Bully " • "Lights, Candace, Action! " • "Get That Bigfoot Outta My Face! " • "Tree to Get Ready " • "It's About Time! " • "Jerk De Soleil " • "Toy to the World " • "One Good Scare Ought to Do It! " • "A Hard Day's Knight " • "I, Brobot " • "Mom's Birthday " • "Journey to the Center of Candace " • "Run Away Runway " • "I Scream, You Scream " • "It's a Mud, Mud, Mud, Mud World " • "The Ballad of Badbeard " • "Dude, We're Getting the Band Back Together " • "Ready for the Bettys " • "The Flying Fishmonger " • "Phineas and Ferb Get Busted! " • "Greece Lightning " • "Leave the Busting to Us! " • "Crack That Whip " • "The Best Lazy Day Ever " • "Boyfriend From 27,000 B.C. " • "Voyage to the Bottom of Buford " • "Put That Putter Away " • "Does This Duckbill Make Me Look Fat? " • "Traffic Cam Caper " • "Bowl-R-Ama Drama " • "The Monster of Phineas-n-Ferbenstein " • "Oil on Candace " • "Unfair Science Fair " • "Unfair Science Fair Redux (Another Story) " • "Out to Launch " • "Got Game? " • "Comet Kermillian " • "Out of Toon " • "Hail Doofania! "
Season Two: "The Lake Nose Monster " • "Interview With a Platypus " • "Tip of the Day " • "Attack of the 50 Foot Sister " • "Backyard Aquarium " • "Day of the Living Gelatin " • "Elementary My Dear Stacy " • "Don't Even Blink " • "Chez Platypus " • "Perry Lays an Egg " • "Gaming the System " • "The Chronicles of Meap " • "Thaddeus and Thor " • "De Plane! De Plane! " • "Let's Take a Quiz " • "At the Car Wash " • "Oh, There You Are, Perry " • "Swiss Family Phineas " • "Hide and Seek " • "That Sinking Feeling " • "The Baljeatles " • "Vanessassary Roughness " • "No More Bunny Business " • "Spa Day " • "Phineas and Ferb's Quantum Boogaloo " • "Phineas and Ferb Musical Cliptastic Countdown " • "Bubble Boys " • "Isabella and the Temple of Sap " • "Cheer Up Candace " • "Fireside Girl Jamboree " • "The Bully Code " • "Finding Mary McGuffin " • "Picture This " • "Nerdy Dancin' " • "What Do It Do? " • "Atlantis " • "Phineas and Ferb Christmas Vacation! " • "Just Passing Through " • "Candace's Big Day " • "I Was a Middle Aged Robot " • "Suddenly Suzy " • "Undercover Carl " • "Hip Hip Parade " • "Invasion of the Ferb Snatchers " • "Ain't No Kiddie Ride " • "Not Phineas and Ferb " • "Phineas and Ferb-Busters! " • "The Lizard Whisperer " • "Robot Rodeo " • "The Beak " • "She's the Mayor " • "The Lemonade Stand " • "Phineas and Ferb Hawaiian Vacation " • "Summer Belongs to You! " • "Nerds of a Feather " • "Wizard of Odd " • "We Call it Maze " • "Ladies and Gentlemen, Meet Max Modem! " • "The Secret of Success " • "The Doof Side of the Moon " • "Split Personality " • "Brain Drain " • "Rollercoaster: The Musical! " • "Make Play " • "Candace Gets Busted "
Season Three: "The Great Indoors " • "Canderemy " • "Run, Candace, Run " • "Last Train to Bustville " • "Phineas' Birthday Clip-O-Rama! " • "The Belly of the Beast " • "Moon Farm " • "Ask a Foolish Question " • "Misperceived Monotreme " • "Candace Disconnected " • "Magic Carpet Ride " • "Bad Hair Day " • "Meatloaf Surprise " • "Phineas and Ferb Interrupted " • "A Real Boy " • "Mommy Can You Hear Me? " • "Road Trip " • "Tour de Ferb " • "Skiddley Whiffers " • "My Fair Goalie " • "Bullseye! " • "That's the Spirit " • "The Curse of Candace " • "Escape from Phineas Tower " • "Lotsa Latkes " • "Ferb Latin " • "A Phineas and Ferb Family Christmas " • "Tri-Stone Area " • "Doof Dynasty " • "Excaliferb " • "Phineas and Ferb and the Temple of Juatchadoon " • "Monster from the Id " • "Gi-Ants " • "The Remains of the Platypus " • "Mom's in the House " • "Perry the Actorpus " • "Let's Bounce " • "Bully Bromance Break Up " • "Quietest Day Ever " • "Doonkleberry Imperative " • "Meapless in Seattle " • "Delivery of Destiny " • "Buford Confidential " • "The Mom Attractor " • "Cranius Maximus " • "Agent Doof " • "Minor Monogram " • "What a Croc! " • "Sleepwalk Surprise " • "Sci-Fi Pie Fly " • "Sipping with the Enemy " • "Tri-State Treasure: Boot of Secrets " • "Doofapus " • "Norm Unleashed " • "Where's Perry? " • "Ferb TV " • "When Worlds Collide " • "What'd I Miss? " • "Road to Danville " • "This is Your Backstory " • "Blackout! "
Season Four: "For Your Ice Only " • "Happy New Year! " • "Fly On the Wall " • "Bully Bust " • "My Sweet Ride " • "Der Kinderlumper " • "Sidetracked " • "Primal Perry " • "Mind Share " • "Backyard Hodge Podge " • "Bee Day " • "Bee Story " • "Great Balls of Water " • "Where's Pinky? " • "Phineas and Ferb Musical Cliptastic Countdown Hosted by Kelly Osbourne " • "Knot My Problem " • "Just Desserts " • "La Candace-Cabra " • "Happy Birthday, Isabella " • "Love at First Byte " • "One Good Turn " • "Mission Marvel " • "Thanks But No Thanks " • "Troy Story " • "Druselsteinoween " • "Terrifying Tri-State Trilogy of Terror " • "Face Your Fear " • "Cheers for Fears " • "Steampunx " • "Just Our Luck " • "Return Policy " • "Live and Let Drive " • "Phineas and Ferb Save Summer " • "Father's Day " • "Imperfect Storm " • "The Return of the Rogue Rabbit " • "It's No Picnic " • "The Klimpaloon Ultimatum " • "Operation Crumb Cake " • "Mandace " • "Phineas and Ferb: Star Wars " • "Lost in Danville " • "The Inator Method " • "Night of the Living Pharmacists " • "Tales from the Resistance: Back to the 2nd Dimension " • "Doof 101 " • "Act Your Age " • "Last Day of Summer " • "O.W.C.A. Files "
v - e - d
Locations
The Woods • The Baker's House • Cinderella's House • Rapunzel's Tower • King's Castle • Jack's House • Grandmother's House
v - e - d
Episodes
Season One: "Mickey's Wild Tire! " / "Sittin' Kitty " • "Goofy Gas! " / "Little Big Ape " • "Race for the Rigatoni Ribbon! " / "Roaming Around Rome " • "Agent Double-O-Goof " / "Egg-xasperating " • "Mickey's Perfecto Day! " / "Running of the Roadsters! " • "It's Wiki Wiki Time " / "Happy Hula Helpers! " • "Ye Olde Royal Heist " / "Tea Time Trouble! " • "Abra-ka-Goof! " / "Happy Birthday Helpers! " • "Guru Goofy " / "Bed, Breakfast and Bungled! " • "Going Upppppppppp! " / "Gone Fishin'! " • "Goof Luck Charm " / "Teed Off! " • "The Impossible Race " / "The Happiest Helpers Cruise! " • "Smarty Goof " / "Adventures in Buddysitting! " • "Daredevil Goofy! " / "The Big Broadcast " • "Stop That Heist! " / "Lights, Camera, HELP! " • "Mouse Vs. Machine! " / "Grandpa Beagle's Day Out " • "Donald's Garage " / "Artful Helpers " • "Ready, Get Pet... Go Pluto! " / "Figaro's New Friend! " • "Garage Alone " / "Camp Happy Helpers " • "The Haunted Hot Rod " / "Pete's Ghostly Gala " • "Billy Beagle's Tip-Top Garage " / "Diner Dog Rescue " • "Pit Stop and Go! " / "Alarm on the Farm! " • "Happy Hot Diggity Dog Holiday! " / "Happy Holiday Helpers! " • "Hot Dog Daze Afternoon " / "Super Sweet Helpers " • "The Grand Food Truck Rally " / "Cuckoo La-La " • "Rockin' Roadsters! " / "Safari, So Goody "Season Two: "The Biggest Heist Ever " / "Thrillin' Hilda! " • "Stop Lazlo! " / "The Hot Diggity Dog Show " • "Donald's Stinky Day " / "The Hiking Honeybees " • "Racing Rivals " / "The Hapless Helpers " • "The Goofy Race! " / "Cuckoo for Cuckoo Clocks! " • "The Roadsterettes! " / "Oh Happy Day " • "Phantom of the Café " / "Cuckoo in Paris " • "Super-Charged! " / "Super-Charged: Mickey's Monster Rally " • "Super-Charged: Pop Star Helpers " / "The Chip 'N Dale 500 " • "Mickey's Ukulele Jam " / "Grandpa vs. Grandpa " • "Goof Mansion " / "A Doozy Night of Mystery " • "Daisy's Photo Finish! " / "Super-Charged: Daisy's Grande Goal " • "Pluto and the Pup " / "Trouble at Floochi's! " • "Goofy's Drive-In " / "The Iron Mouse " • "Mickey's Big Surprise " / "Meet the Beagles! " • "Snow-Go With the Flow " / "Happy Helpers on Ice! " • "Ski Trippin'! " / "My Fair Pete " • "Super-Charged: The Big Cheesy " / "Shenannygans! " • "You Quack Me Up " / "Tree House Trouble " • "Mickey's Spring Grand Prix " / "My Little Daisy" " • "Mickey's Fun-tastical Field Day " / "Clarabelle on the Mooo-ve! " • "Super-Charged: Donald's Roadster Round-Up " / "The Daisy Dance! " • "Super-Charged: Two Close Friends " / "Mr. Bigby's Big Night " • "Goof Quest " / "Llama Drama " • "Hi, Jinx! " / "Pete's Junkyard Helpers " Season Three: "Mickey's Mixed-Up Motor Lab " / "Wishy Washy Helpers " • "One Unicorny Day! " / "The Happy Horse Helpers! " • "Animal Antics " / "Here, Kitty, Kitty, Kitty! " • "Mickey's Monstrous Truck! " / "Minnie's Vacation Home! " • "Mixed-Up for a Day! " / "Princess Clarabelle! " • "A Gollywood Wedding! " / "No Dilly Dally in New Delhi! " • "Mickey's Thanksgiving Family Fun Race! " / "Happy Thanksgiving Helpers! " • "Caution: Kids at Work! " / "The Snoozy Doozy Pet and Breakfast! " • "Where's Mickey? " / "Cuckoo in Hot Dog Hills! " • "Campy Camper Day! " / "Founder's Day Flounder! " • "Goofasaur! " / "Teahouse Helpers " • "Papa Pluto " / "Happy Valentine Helpers " • "Petey O'Pete " / "Daisy Does It! " • "Mickey's New Mouse House " / "Millie and Melody's Sleepover! " • "Old McMickey Had a Farm " / "Happy Lab Helpers " • "Hard Hat Diggity Dog! " / "Hair-Raising Helpers! " • "Donald's Fast Food 500 " / "Mini-Helpers " • "Hanami Hijinks! " / "Happy Harajuku Helpers! " • "Mickey's Roommate " / "Minnie's Bow-tel! " • "Sporty Day " / "Go, Chili Dogs! " • "Goofy's Hot Dog Harvest " / "Puppy Birthday to You! " • "Holiday in Hot Dog Hills " / "Happy Kitty Helpers " • "Enough Stuff! " / "The Hippity Hop Horse Show " • "The Mystery of Hot Dog Lake! " / "Phantom Wing " • "Magic Tricked " / "Art From the Heart! " • "Duck, Duck Geese! " / "Shhhhh! " • "Wheelchair Pals " / "Super-Duper-Stitious Day! " • "Goofy and Pete's Wild Ride " / "The Happiest Day of All! " • "All Aboard the Hot Diggity Dog Express! " / "Flea-bee Jeebies! " • "There Goes Our Fun! " / "Don't Wake the Baby! " • "Donald’s Dilemma " / "The Royal-ympics! " • "Dale's New Pal " / "The Cuckoo Turnstyler! " • " • "It's a Hap-Hap-Happy Hot Dog Hills! " / "Happy Friend-iversary " • "Crooner Mickey " / "Once Upon A Lemonade Stand " • "Holi, By Golly! " / "The Pink City! " • "The Spooky Spook House! " / "Clarabelle's Banana Splitz! "